It is estimated that over 80% of all new information produced in the world is being stored on storage devices such as pen drive, storage chips or magnetic media, but most of it on hard disk drives. This paper presents a detailed introduction of the working, components and logical operations of storage device especially we focuses on the magnetic disk drive i.e. Hard Disk. In addition to presenting failure statistics, we analyze the correlation between failures and several parameters generally believed to impact longevity. Our analysis identifies several parameters from the drive’s self monitoring facility (SMART) that correlate highly with failures. Despite this high correlation, we conclude that models based on SMART parameters alone are unlikely to be useful for predicting individual drive failures. Finally, future of information storage is examined, and storage technologies toward 1TB recording are investigated and discuss about how can we increase the performance in the hard disk drive.