The RSA (Rivest, Shamir and Adleman) is one of the most preferred algorithms for asymmetric cryptography. Modular exponentiation is the time consuming part of RSA algorithm. It’s a common way to use parallel processing to achieve faster results in terms of speed. In this study, a new method exploiting parallel processing is proposed for RSA cryptography. This parallel method employs the hypercube interconnection network that has been attempted for the first time in this paper. The theoretical foundations show that the encrypted data resulting from the proposed method and the original RSA are the same and the method can be employed to make the RSA parallel which leads to speedup.

One of the important algorithms in public key cryptography is RSA. The RSA is expensive due to using modular exponentiation for greater keys. A parallel method is presented in previous work. The proposed algorithm (CRSA), employs hypercube interconnection network to make RSA parallel. This paper presents the optimization of CRSA along with simulation results. The results of the conducted simulations indicate that this method requires less time to carry out encryption and decryption process compared to the original RSA and the other existing parallel approaches in the literature. These results are evaluated mathematically using time complexity.

Located that oil port of siders following waha Oil Company which is located west of sirt on covering the moving sand dunes pot dominated system desertification. The solar energy will be used to evaporated brine and generate cool air pure water in order to grow food inside the greenhouses where the sea water will be used facilities. Concentrated idea of the project to exploit an area of about 20km through which pipeline to flow of sea water to the ground which may allow the lows of Nature which produce fresh water from sea water and change climate conditions to humid climate contributes to the rainfall and characterized the technology that will be used in the project to its ability to transform large tracts of desert into green produce commercial quantities of food and energy crops and freshwater used the project is based on the establishment of greenhouse where sea water used provide growth conditions cold and wet of vegetables in addition to the production of fresh water and will be connected to the solar with thermal units for the desalination of sea water supported by technology and will allow pilot also cultivation of algae in the system of bioreactors optical and farming systems in basins exposed produces plant food ,water, energy between greenhouse protected salt water and solar power intensive and cultivation of algae and technological and scientific . the basic idea of this project is to bring sea water into the desert then vaporized process centered on what is known as sea water where the evaporating sea water by solar energy and then intensify freshwater not only that ,but maintains a moist interior cool and are ideal for the cultivation of crops ,it was the first model to sea water greenhouse a unit area of 2000 square meters in port Augusta in Australia and has won its first crop tomatoes in the last months ago ,Sahara forest project combines the technology and solar power uses mirrors to focus the light on the complex to heat which in turn produces steam for the management of turbine generator at a supplying greenhouse powered and operated and the greenhouse extended solar power plant with water marking them more efficient that the project is promising and important in the field of renewable energy and to take advantage of the potential and of solar energy in our integrated project and ambitious aims to cultivate bio-fuels to generate an energy clean aimed at protecting the environmental may work on climate change The project is based on the new Technologies in carpeted into solar energy and seawater Greenhouse and cultivation of green algae and for the cultivation of arid areas and the provision of food and fresh water as well as bio-fuels to generate clean energy. The idea of the project is simple and Natural based on the use of solar energy in the evaporation of salty seawater to generate cold air and water and clean energy in deserts and Technology use Mirrors sunlight to form steam to Run turbines which in turn generate electricity is expected to shift the equipment desert to the territory to the a prosperous agricultural out about the need to drill water wells which increase water shortage and possible planting any kind of vegetables in greenhouse sea water are essential in the project which cost to be cooling desert air warm and ? Wet with sea water before being admitted to the greenhouse and this air humidifier will feed crops inside greenhouse then dryer where flowing sea water heated warmly sun? and soon meet air humidifies of channels containing water condenses fresh water and dripped drops on the external aspects of channels that can be assembled the process mimic what happens in Nature evaporates sea water as a result of the sun’s heat and work is underway to cooling leads to the formation of clouds and condense these vapors of water to fall water like rain only 10-15 % of moist air condenses into fresh water and the rest out of the surrounding tress thus the greenhouse creating green surroundings around the will be through energy intensive and through the use of Mirrors to focus sunlight on pipes and boilers for water district cause radiation intensive production high heat inside the pipe provides enough power to turn Turbines team which in turn would for electrical power and six cell additional power to the people are a population of benefiting says a specialist and is Neil Crompton one energy experts there is huge potential for these new Technologies unit focused and one covering only 9% of the area of deserts ground and can provide five global need for energy as well as can invest this technique streaming tons of sea water per day using only 20 thousand greenhouse .

Wireless sensor networks are a specialized type of computer networks which are typically employed to perform monitoring tasks. one of the most significant issues is related to energy consumption. Due to the presence of a large number of sensors in a network and lack of access to them, it is not feasible to replace sensors or re-charge their batteries. Therefore, a fundamental issue in the design of such networks is the limited energy resources for sensors, thus requiring provision of strategies aimed at optimizing energy consumption that would eventually lead to an increase in network lifetime.This paper is aimed at optimizing selection of cluster heads using fuzzy-logic , thus leading to an increase in network lifetime

Magnetic particles have many applications such as drug delivery, biomedical imaging and waste water treatment. For designing the best system for these applications it is important to know the key parameters and how these parameters affect on the system. Particle diameter, magnetic field strength and the flow velocity are some of these parameters. In this study, we studied the influence of these parameters. It was found out that absorption rate of magnetic particles increases by increasing the coil current and particle diameter and by decreasing the Reynolds number.

Estimation of evapotranspiration has always been regarded as an important phase of hydrological cycle in different areas. Besids, dominant of this phenomenon in some agriculture and civil domains such as determination of plants water need, designi water canals reveals and estimation of the main part of water loss in dams backside duplicated the importance of this phenomenon and its estimation. The precise Method in estimating evapotranspiration is using lysimetric data, but regarding the lack of this kind of data for regions, experimental equations have been accounted as common Method. in this research, 14 experimental Methods have been used in estimating the potential evapotranspiration of Qazvin. The main goal of this study after comparing the result of empirical equations with pan measured values is presentation of corrective equations using linear regression Method for all equation and evaluation of accuracy of these equations before and after revision. Based on the result of this study, Blaeny-Criddle Method in order to estimate the potential evapotranspiration of Qazvin in Oct, Jul and Jun, and Romanenko Method for Sep and Aug are suggested. Results of the corrective equations showed that using linear regression Method and presentation of corrective equations predominantly increase the accuracy of empirical equations. So that revised Thorenthwait Method with correlation coefficient of 0.988 (R2= 0.988) obtained as the best corrective equation and Jensen-Hais Method was specified as the study area. In addition, after revising this equation and obtained correlation coefficient of 0.868 (R2=0.868), salient decrease of error percentage in all evaluated months has been indicated.

Polyetherimide-Graphene (PEI/G) composites were prepared and investigated as anti-corrosion coatings on Stainless Steel 304 (SS304) substrates. A small load of graphene was incorporated in the polymeric matrix using in situ polymerization approach and the coating was cured under vacuum by several steps thermal imidization. The morphology was examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The study demonstrates that advanced corrosion inhibition of SS304 can be achieved by coating the metal with PEI and this inhibition can be further enhanced by incorporating graphene. This conclusion was supported by the collected results from electrochemical techniques such as Tafel polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). In addition to corrosion protection, the interface adhesion between the protected substrate and the protective coating was evaluated according to ASTM standards.

Most of the chemical processes with significant noise in the measured variables can be controlled using proportional-integral controllers. It is always important to determine the optimum control parameters of these proportional integral controllers depending on the different objectives. In this article, correlations which relate the optimum proportional integral controller parameters to process parameters for different types of process models are developed. Both servo and regulatory control correlations for proportional integral controllers are obtained for the process model types such as first order plus time delay (FOPTD) and second order plus time delay (SOPTD) with the objective of minimizing different performance criteria such as integral of absolute value of the error (IAE), integral of the time-weighted absolute value of the error (ITAE), integral of the squared value of the error (ISE) and integral of the time - weighted squared value of the error (ITSE). The corresponding performance of these proposed correlations are compared with that of the well-known tuning methods: Ziegler-Nichols continuous cycling method, Ziegler-Nichols reaction curve method, Cohen-Coon method and other proposed tuning methods in the literature in terms of values of overshoot, rise time, settling time and integral performance criteria and the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed correlations are discussed. It is found that using correlations obtained for first order plus time delay and second order plus time delay processes, several performance characteristics such as overshoot and settling time are reduced compared to those obtained using other tuning methods. Further, the regulatory control correlations proposed for first order plus time delay processes leads to minimum values of integral performance criteria than some of the other existing methods.

The a priori knowledge about biodegradability is adopted to save time and money for research and design of new products. Quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) models as a tool for biodegradability prediction of chemicals have been encouraged by environmental organizations. In the current work, a new algorithm has been proposed to investigate the importance of chemical descriptors to be used as input variables in modeling and prediction of biodegradability. The algorithm allows obtaining an ensemble of feature subsets compromising between model complexity and generalization performance. It utilizes random forests as classifier coupled with Boruta algorithm to automatically rank and omit descriptors based on Z-score. It is shown how four least relevant variables were identified and removed from model remaining generation ability. Furthermore, a hybrid feature selection method is developed to inspect weak relevant features and omit them in a loop mode in order to remain generalization of classifiers. The prediction accuracy of the new model showed improvements compared to previous works.

Underground storage of hydrogen with natural gas (UHNG) is a novel compound technology which has been proposed to provide utility-scale energy storage capacity. This technology revolves around the use of electrolyzers to convert electrical energy to chemical energy in the form of hydrogen, then, hydrogen is injected underground, along with natural gas, into existing natural gas storage facilities. Finally, depending on the particular application, the energy stored as hydrogen can be recovered in different forms: as hydrogen for industrial and transportation applications, as electricity to serve power demand, or as hydrogen-enriched natural gas to serve gas demand. It is found that, if operated as the decision points have specified, at the end of three years, the concentration of hydrogen in the reservoir is expected to increase to 2%. Also, it is found that it is not profitable to sell the hydrogen-enriched natural gas at the same price as regular natural gas.

In this research a Multi-objective Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (MOICA) is applied for Environmental/Economic/Reliability Power Dispatch (EERD) problem. For the EERD problems treats economic, emission and reliability impact as competing objectives. There are lots of indexes used for the evaluation of electric power generation units. All the mentioned problem has been optimized by proposed ICA technique. At last, the feasibility of the proposed method is demonstrated from 8 unit systems, and the test results are compared with those obtained by Simulate Anneal (SA) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) in terms of solution quality and convergence properties. Obtained results demonstrate the validity of proposed method.

The most common stainless steel that is used in orthopedic implant is AISI 316 stainless steel. Stainless steel is extremely susceptible to pit and groove corrosion. One of the common ways of optimizing the biological adaptability, decreasing metallic ion release, and increasing corrosion resistance in body environment of stainless steel is applying coatings on its surface. Pure commercial Titanium is one of the alternatives for using inside body due to its predictable interaction with biological environment. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate corrosion and tribocorrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel with titanium PVD coatings inside Ringer’s solutions. Surface characterization analysis revealed thickness of 3.6 µm and hexagonal structure. According to potentiodynamic polarization readings, uncoated and coated specimens showed similar current density but uncoated specimen had higher breakdown potential. The results of tribocorrosion tests at open circuit potential showed a higher potential drop for the coatings due to their more active electrochemical behavior. Optical microscope images and roughness profile graph showed higher groove width and lost mass for coated sample respectively. Thus, our results demonstrated that method of coating and thickness play key roles in improving corrosion and tribocorrosion characteristics of stainless steel coated titanium.

A wave energy converter (WEC) which is called Anaconda, is a cost effective wave energy device. The device seeks to exploit the concept of a distensible rubber tube. The concept of Anaconda has been proven at small laboratory scale and is seen as having low capital and operational costs. Different rubbers were quantified for building a good understanding of the range of stress-strain behavior and fatigue of rubber. The magnitude of the softening of several rubber formulations depends on the maximum strain applied. The larger the maximum strain applied, the greater the softening. A versatile tensile fatigue test machine was developed to enable a better understanding of fatigue, including non-relaxing fatigue to be developed for rubber or any other materials. For the fixed strain conditions used to screen candidate rubbers, a specific rubber compound performed the best compared both to the same unfilled rubber with antioxidant or no antioxidant in place, and a wide range of filled rubbers. The estimation on dynamic stress-strain loops and cyclic stress relaxation rates of each rubber has been made.

In this paper, an appropriate analysis has been performed to study the incompressible fully developed flow of a non-Newtonian third grade fluid in a plane duct under an externally applied magnetic field. The governing equations, continuity, momentum and Ohm’s law for this problem are reduced to an ordinary form and are solved by Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM). The present study works on new algorithm which proposes more suitable initial function with faster convergence to final solution in comparison with traditional method in HAM. From the physical point of view, the results indicate that the behavior of non¬-Newtonian third grade fluid flow approached the Newtonian one with increasing the magnetic field strength.

Innovation in the global energy sector is increasingly imperative to buttress economic and environmental sustainability moving forwards. Negative resource trends, climate change and rising energy demand mean that finding innovative solutions to lessen our reliance on traditional sources is increasingly vital. Enabling innovation alliances between low-income developing countries and the developed world is essential for both to gain maximum benefit from upcoming energy technologies while also creating solutions to key global energy challenges. This study will establish the scope for global innovation alliances in the energy sector in order to maximise the return on investment and sustainable impact. It will utilise case studies to demonstrate the success of international collaboration in this critical and growing industry. Furthermore, it will examine the role of summits such as the G20, which are often ideal forums to form strategic innovation alliances, as well as develop policies to incentivise ongoing relationships between developing and developed countries in this sector.

Predictions of physical characteristics and shear strength properties for friction root ground support system in sands are proposed. This study addresses the significance changes of bearing capacities and settlements of coarse sands with and without Polyurethane foams which precisely dealt with undisturbed soils and stabilized soils, respectively. Furthermore, the study permits a reliable prediction of physical characteristics of the soils via physical properties tests and shear strength behaviors of Polyurethane foams via Unconfined Compression Tests. The evaluated parameters are obtained from field works, site investigation report and previous researches, whilst the simulation is done with Plaxis Finite Element. To anticipate, it is observed that a slight changes in settlements and bearing capacities occurred with respect to the injection of Polyurethane foams.

Earth consists 71% of water which is an essential element for human survival, precisely on energy sources and daily consumptions A specification has been outlined by World Health Organization (WHO) to determine the water quality parameter (WQP) for each water usage. One of the parameter contained in waste water treatment plant (WWTP) is Dissolve Oxygen (DO). DO is the key parameter in WWTP which determine the suitability of the water usage. DO also helps the biochemistry reaction process wherein the content of DO reflects on the effluent quality and the energy consumption of the wastewater treatment plant. A review on DO control method is presented which highlighted the advantages and disadvantages each of the methods adopted. The objective of this paper is to determine the ideal control method for DO controller.